Session10:
Urban /Social Planning and Social Welfare
In this session 4 papers were presented which are, respectively, (1) “The Role and Situation of Social Policy in Transportation Planning and Management.Ali Khaksari,”(2) “ Age-Friendly Cities in Regional Social Policy Making: A Case Study of Guilan Province” Mona Asalemnejad, . Morteza Masroor, (3)“An Investigation and comparison of educational justice indicators among the provinces of Iran”. Nima Kabiri Dehkoordi,Gholamreza Latifi, Hadi Abdollahi Arpanahi (4) “Islamic Feminism in Indonesia: The Fatayat NU Struggle Against Injustice Gender Using Islamic Values” Nur Rizki A.
In the following paragraphs, a brief report of each article will be represented.
(1)
In the modern era transportation is of great importance. In this paper the professor besides explaining importance of transportation in a city like Tehran, he presented some principle points of that.. He said the current situation showed that most of the municipality’s budget was spent on the physical extension of transportation networks, particularly highways, bridges and tunnels, which were used by private cars and not by public transportation users. While the reviews and experience emphasized on the social and economic policies and plans, the evidence showed that the transportation policy in Tehran still concerned physical aspect and ignores the social, economic and environmental aspects of development.
(2)
It's not a new phenomenon to see ageing of population as a problem in the world and especially in industrialized countries, but in recent years, as a result of previous population policies in Iran, there is a growth in the number of aged people. This research aims to study different cities’ potentials in hosting older inhabitants. According to the paper, Guilan province is home to the majority of aged population in the country, going beyond 13% and reaching the critical points in international standards, we have decided to run the enquiry in the province to see how it is possible to manage the conditions in order to serve this part of the society better. This study has done in four cities of Guilan province. The findings suggest that while no city has all the conditions, some cities (e.g. Lahijan) have certain characteristics that make them more suitable for elder people. According to these, in some international and local factors, there is a significant difference between cities of the province.
(3)
Quality of education and training and its infrastructures is one of the most important stuff that can be used for the development of society. In addition, one of the most effective ways of achieving social justice is providing equal opportunity for the general population in order to access to education and training. And all of the people of a society have the right of to be given the same education. Educational facilities , improves the position of poor people in the labour market and thus through education, we can reduce gaps in income and welfare. The aim of this study is to compare the state of education among the provinces of Iran by using the theories and educational equality indicators. The analytical findings indicates that the provinces of the country have significant differences in terms of educational equality. This approach increases the life chances of disadvantaged students, such as wealthy students.
(4)
Like other Middle East countries, early presence of feminism in Indonesia has still been considered to be affiliated with western values. Whereas Islamic civilization has a long history of fights with western civilization. That is why the values of feminism will always be disputed with Islamic values. To give counters over orientalism studies, Muslim intellectuals continue to reproduce new knowledge of Islamic teachings or doctrines. One of the tasks is to propagate the process of new reinterpretation of religious textbooks that can lead the Muslim communities to have their basis to fight for the values of feminism that is often considered contrary to the mainstream interpretation of religious textbook. For Indonesia state, Islam is not just a majority religion. The country of plural-democracy, like Indonesia, cannot be separated from the role of Islam in its social and political life. Islam grows as a movement that makes people prosperous physically and spiritually, or so called progressive Islam. This progressivity has raised Islamic feminism movements in Indonesia that are strongly influenced by Muslim women's organizations. There is Fatayat NU, a progressive Muslim women's organization of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), one of the two largest Islamic groups in Indonesia besides Muhammadiyah. Fatayat NU became Nahdlatul Ulama's 'feminist wing' whose task was to disseminate gender equality issues. During feminism development, Fatayat NU emerged as a guard in advocating women's rights. However, in their struggle, they must paraphrase the title of their 'feminism' movement with something acceptable to the culture of society, such as women's health program, women education for reproduction system, etc. That is just one example of the Islamic feminist movement over praxis level. In addition, the Islamic feminist movement also strives for gender equality in the social policy level, which is to carry out advocacy strategies to fight for women's rights. The output of this struggle has urged the government to improve and uphold some aspects of gender justice. How could the movement impact social policy on women’s right? It is important to mapping the history and strategies that Muslim women's movements have made in how Islam considers gender equality and its implications for the postcolonial state of Muslim majority such as Indonesia. Then, what approaches are used by the Fatayat NU to convince the public of the importance of gender equality and humanity? To what extent is the use of humanistic approach to gender equality a struggle? This paper will answer these questions through a comprehensive research method. Among them are interviews, direct observation, and be equipped with a theory approach through literature study.